The efficacy of radiotherapy based combined therapy for unresectable locally invasive bladder cancer and its associated factors analysis / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and influencing factors of bladder preservation integrated therapy for unresectable invasive bladder cancer confined to the pelvis was done, also including the bladder function preservation and adverse effects analysis. Methods: Sixty-nine patients with unresectable locally invasive bladder cancer who received radiotherapy-based combination therapy from March 1999 to December 2021 at our hospital were selected. Among them, 42 patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy, 32 underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapyand 43 with transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) prior to radiotherapy. The late adverse effect of radiotherapy, preservation of bladder function, replase and metastasis and survival were followed-up. Cox proportional hazards models were applied for the multifactorial analysis. Results: The median age was 69 years. There were 63 cases (91.3%) of uroepithelial carcinoma, 64 of stage Ⅲ and 4 of stage Ⅳ. The median duration of follow-up was 76 months. There were 7 grade 2 late genito urinary toxicities, 2 grade 2 gastrointestinal toxicities, no grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred. All patients maintained normal bladder function, except for 8 cases who lost bladder function due to uncontrolled tumor in the bladder. Seventeen cases recurred locally. There were 11 cases in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a local recurrence rate of 26.2% (11/42) and 6 cases in the non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a local recurrence rate of 22.2% (6/27), and the difference in local recurrence rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P=0.709). There were 23 cases of distant metastasis (including 2 cases of local recurrence with distant metastasis), including 10 cases in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a distant metastasis rate of 23.8% (10/42) and 13 cases in the non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a distant metastasis rate of 48.1% (13/27), and the distant metastasis rate in the non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was higher than that in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (P=0.036). The median 5-year overall survival (OS) time was 59 months and the OS rate was 47.8%. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) time was 20 months and the PFS rate was 34.4%. The 5-year OS rates of concurrent and non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group were 62.9% and 27.6% (P<0.001), and 5-year PFS rates were 45.4% and 20.0%, respectively (P=0.022). The 5-year OS rates of with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 78.4% and 30.1% (P=0.002), and the 5-year PFS rates were 49.1% and 25.1% (P=0.087), respectively. The 5-year OS rates with or without TURBT before radiotherapy were 45.5% and 51.9% (P=0.233) and the 5-year PFS rates were 30.8% and 39.9% (P=0.198), respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that the clinical stage (HR=0.422, 95% CI: 0.205-0.869) was independent prognostic factor for PFS of invasive bladder cancer. The multivariate analysis showed that clinical stages (HR=0.278, 95% CI: 0.114-0.678), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (HR=0.391, 95% CI: 0.165-0.930), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (HR=0.188, 95% CI: 0.058-0.611), and recurrences (HR=10.855, 95% CI: 3.655-32.638) were independent prognostic factors for OS of invasive bladder cancer. Conclusion: Unresectable localized invasive bladder cancer can achieve satisfactory long-term outcomes with bladder-preserving combination therapy based on radiotherapy, most patients can retain normal bladder function with acceptable late adverse effects and improved survival particularly evident in patients with early, concurrent chemoradiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Evaluation of metoprolol standard dosing pathway in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome: a prospective multicenter single-arm interventional study / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of metoprolol standard dosing pathway (MSDP) in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).@*METHODS@#In this multicenter, prospective, open label, single-arm and interventional study that was conducted from February 2018 to April 2019 in fifteen Chinese hospitals. A total of 998 hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years and diagnosed with ACS were included. The MSDP was applied to all eligible ACS patients based on the standard treatment recommended by international guidelines. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving the target dose at discharge (V2). The secondary endpoints included the heart rate and blood pressure at V2 and four weeks after discharge (V4), and percentage of patients experiencing bradycardia (heart rate < 50 beats/min), hypotension (blood pressure < 90/60 mmHg) and transient cardiac dysfunction at V2 and V4.@*RESULTS@#Of the 998 patients, 29.46% of patients achieved the target dose (≥ 95 mg/d) at V2. The total population was divided into two groups: target group (patients achieving the target dose at V2) and non-target group (patients not achieving the target dose at V2). There was significant difference in the reduction of heart rate from baseline to discharge in the two groups (-4.97 ± 11.90 beats/min vs. -2.70 ± 9.47 beats/min, P = 0.034). There was no significant difference in the proportion of bradycardia that occurred in the two groups at V2 (0 vs. 0, P = 1.000) and V4 (0.81% vs. 0.33%, P = 0.715). There was no significant difference in the proportion of hypotension between the two groups at V2 (0.004% vs. 0.004%, P = 1.000) and V4 (0 vs. 0.005%, P = 0.560). No transient cardiac dysfunction occurred in two groups during the study. A total of five adverse events (1.70%) and one serious adverse event (0.34%) were related to the pathway in target group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In Chinese ACS patients, the feasibility and tolerability of the MSDP have been proved to be acceptable.

Overview of technical advances in the diagnosis of pulp and periapical diseases / 中华口腔医学杂志

Pulp and periapical diseases are common and frequently occurring diseases of which diagnosis and treatment must be dealt with by the dental clinicians. The diagnostic techniques of these diseases include evaluation of pulp vitality, measurement of pulp blood circulation and analysis and judgment of root canal anatomy. With the continuous emergence of digital and imaging technologies, the correct application of these technologies in clinic will help clinicians improve their abilities in diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. The present article summarizes and reviews the progress of assistant technology for diagnosing dental pulp and periapical diseases in recent years and puts forward some suggestions for its application.

The correlation between creatine kinase, creatine kinase-isoenzyme MB and different states of bipolar disorder in patients / 中国基层医药

Objective:To correlate creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase- isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) with different states of bipolar disorder in patients.Methods:A total of 206 patients with bipolar disorder who received treatment in The 7 th People's Hospital of Wenzhou, China between January 2018 and June 2019 were included in the patient group. A total of 369 healthy controls who concurrently received physical examination were included in the control group. CK and CK-MB levels were detected in all participants. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)-7 scale, the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholy Scale (BRMS), and modified version of the Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) were used to evaluate the mental symptoms, depression, mania and aggression of patients. The CK and CK-MB levels were compared between patients with different states of bipolar disorder. Results:In the control group, CK and CK-MB levels in males were 112.5 (94.5, 156.5) U/L and 17.0 (15.0, 20.0) U/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in females [73.0 (61.0, 86.3) U/L, 15.0 (13.0, 18.0) U/L, Z = -9.732, -3.535, both P < 0.001). In the patient group, CK and CK-MB levels in males were 129.0 (80.0, 233.5) U/L, 12.0 (10.0, 17.0) U/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in females [73.0 (55.0, 94.0) U/L, 13.5 (11.0, 17.0) U/L, Z = -9.510, -4.746, both P < 0.001]. There was no significant difference in CK level in males between the control and patient groups ( Z = -1.003, P = 0.316), but significant difference in CK-MB level in males was observed between the two groups ( Z = -6.570, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in CK and CK-MB levels in females between the control and patient groups ( Z = -2.535, -9.707, P = 0.011, P < 0.001). In the patient group, CK level in the manic, depressive, and symptom-alleviated states was 132.0 (78.0, 297.0) U/L, 85.0 (56.0, 145.0) U/L, 128.0 (110.0, 165.0) U/L respectively in males, and it was 73.0 (49.0, 122.3) U/L, 51.0 (45.0, 67.0) U/L and 84.5 (61.0, 193.0) U/L, respectively in females. There was significant difference in CK level in males and females between different states of bipolar disorder ( χ2 = 9.019, 16.720, P = 0.011, P < 0.001). In males, CK level was correlated with the BPRS total score, BRMS total score, and MOAS total score in the manic state, as well as the BPRS total score in the symptom-alleviated state ( r = 0.282, 0.286, 0.236, 0.574). In females, CK level was correlated with the MOAS total score in the manic state ( r = 0.260). In males, CK-MB level was correlated with the BRMS total score in the manic and depressive states ( r = 0.186 and 0.496). In females, CK-MB level was correlated with the MOAS total score and the BRMS total score in the manic state ( r = 0.155, 0.572). Conclusion:CK and CK-MB levels are correlated with bipolar disorder in different states and they are of certain clinical significance and provide innovative insights into the diagnosis of bipolar disorder.

Clinical observation on spleen-invigorating and qi-benefiting pediatric massage for treating recurrent respiratory tract infection in children with cerebral palsy due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of spleen-invigorating and qi-benefiting pediatric massage (tuina) for treating recurrent respiratory tract infection in children with cerebral palsy due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung. Methods: A total of 70 children with cerebral palsy who suffered from recurrent respiratory tract infection due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 35 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with conventional rehabilitation training, while the observation group was given additional spleen-invigorating and qi-benefiting pediatric massage, and the control group additionally took oral Yu Ping Feng granule. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by the total effective rate, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom score, and serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM and IgG. Results: The difference in total effective rate between the two groups after treatment was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM symptom scores in both groups decreased to varying degrees than those before treatment, and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01); the differences in the scores of various TCM symptoms between the two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IgA, IgM and IgG of the children in both groups increased to varying degrees, and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The between-group differences in the IgA, IgM and IgG levels after treatment were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Spleen-invigorating and qi-benefiting pediatric massage can effectively treat recurrent respiratory tract infection due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung in children with cerebral palsy, relieve the clinical symptoms and improve immune function, and thus is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Developments in Biological Mechanisms and Treatments for Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Dysfunction of Schizophrenia / 神经科学通报·英文版

The causal mechanisms and treatment for the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia are the main issues attracting the attention of psychiatrists over the last decade. The first part of this review summarizes the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, especially the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction from the perspectives of genetics and epigenetics. The second part describes the novel medications and several advanced physical therapies (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation) for the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction that will optimize the therapeutic strategy for patients with schizophrenia in future.

Cloning and functional characterization of isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase genes from Panax vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus / 药学学报

Isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) is a key enzyme in the regulation of triterpenes biosynthesis and plays an important role in ginsenoside biosynthesis. In this study, two IDI genes, PvfIDI1 (GenBank No. MZ736417) and PvfIDI2 (GenBank No. MZ736418) were cloned from Panax vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus. The open reading frame of both PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 was 924 bp encoding 307 amino acids. The molecular weights of PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 were 34.84 kDa and 34.66 kDa, respectively, with theoretical pIs of 6.01 and 5.66. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 contained two conserved sequences: TNTCCSHPL and WGEHELDY. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 were closely related to Panax notoginseng IDI. Expression analysis showed that both PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 genes are expressed in root, rhizome, stem and leaf of P. vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus. However, PvfIDI1 is highly expressed in the rhizome and PvfIDI2 is highly expressed in the stem. PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 recombinant proteins were expressed in E. coli; a functional coloration experiment showed that PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 could promote the accumulation of lycopene, indicating that both PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 encode functional IDI enzymes. The cloning and functional studies on PvfIDI1 and PvfIDI2 provide a foundation for the further study of IDI and the regulation of ginsenoside biosynthesis in P. vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus.

The Effect of MicroRNA-143 on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Leukemia Cell Line U-937 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of microRNA-143 (miR-143) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and the effect of miR-143 over-expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells. And to verify the targeting relationship between miR-143 and long non-coding RNA MALAT-1. So as to explore the possible regulatory mechanism of miR-143 in the pathogenesis of AML.@*METHODS@#The expression of miR-143 in bone marrow cells of AML patients was detected by RT-qPCR. After miR-143 was over-expressed in U-937 cell lines, the proliferation of U-937 cell lines was detected by CCK-8, clone formation assay, and flow cytometry. In addition, cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. At the same time, bioinformatics, RT-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were used to predicted and verified the targeting relationship between miR-143 and MALAT-1.@*RESULTS@#Expression of miR-143 in AML patients was significantly lower than those in normal controls. Over-expressed miR-143 could inhibit the proliferation of U-937 cells and promote the apoptosis of the cell. The miR-143 binding site was located on the MALAT-1 RNA sequence, and MALAT-1 was down-regulated in U-937 cells after over-expressed miR-143. However, the expression of miR-143 showed no significantly changed after MALAT-1 silencing.@*CONCLUSION@#Expression of miR-143 in AML patients is lower than that in normal controls. Over-expression of miR-143 can inhibit the proliferation of U-937 cells and promote its apoptosis. And its mechanism may be related to its targe regulation of MALAT-1.

Research Advance of CXCR4 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

CXCL12/CXCR4 axis composed of chemokine CXCL12 and its specific ligand CXCR4 can regulate and control the adhesion of leukemia cells to protective bone marrow niche, promote cell survival, and resist apoptosis induced by signal transduction inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, CXCL12 /CXCR4 axis has become a new target for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. At present, CXCR4 inhibitors that have been developed are in different clinical trials, showing good anti-leukemia effect. In this review, the research advance of CXCR4 inhibitors in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia is summarized briefly.

Selection of optimal qRT-PCR reference genes for Aconitum vilmorinianum / 中国中药杂志

Screening suitable reference genes is the premise of quantitative Real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)for gene expression analysis. To provide stable reference genes for expression analysis of genes in Aconitum vilmorinianum, this study selected 19 candidate re-ference genes(ACT1, ACT2, ACT3, aTUB1, aTUB2, bTUB, 18S rRNA, UBQ, eIF2, eIF3, eIF4, eIF5, CYP, GAPDH1, GAPDH2, PP2A1, PP2A2, ACP, and EF1α) based on the transcriptome data of A. vilmorinianum. qRT-PCR was conducted to profile the expression of these genes in the root, stem, leaf, and flower of A. vilmorinianum. The Ct values showed that 18S rRNA with high expression level and GAPDH2 with large expression difference among organs were not suitable as the reference genes. NormFinder and geNorm showed similar results of the expression stability of the other candidate reference genes and demonstrated PP2A1, EF1α, and CYP as the highly stable ones. However, BestKeeper suggested EF1α, ACT3, and PP2A1 as the top stable genes. In view of the different results from different softwares, the geometric mean method was employed to analyze the expression stability of the candidate re-ference genes, the results of which indicated that PP2A1, EF1α, and ACT3 were the most stable. Based on the comprehensive analysis results of geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and geometric mean method, PP2A1 and EF1α presented the most stable expression in different organs of A. vilmorinianum. PP2A1 and EF1α were the superior reference genes for gene expression profiling in different organs of A. vilmorinianum.

Value of Elastography Strain Ratio Combined with Breast Ultrasound Imaging Reporting and Data System in the Diagnosis of Breast Nodules / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the value of elastography strain ratio(SR)combined with breast ultrasound imaging reporting and data system(BI-RADS-US)in the differential diagnosis of breast nodules.Methods A total of 471 breast nodules(from 471 patients)were reclassified by SR combined with BI-RADS-US.With the pathology results as gold standard,the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)was employed to evaluate the diagnostic performance,and the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy were compared between the combined method and BI-RADS-US.Results Among the 471 breast nodules,180 nodules were benign and 291 were malignant.The AUC of the combined method was statistically significantly higher than that of BI-RADS-US(0.798 vs. 0.730;Z= 2.583, P= 0.010).SR,BI-RADS-US,and the combined method for diagnosing breast nodules had the sensitivity of 86.6%,99.0%,and 96.6%,the specificity of 67.2%,47.2%,and 63.3%,and the accuracy of 79.2%,79.2%,and 83.9%,respectively.The combined method increased the specificity from 47.2%(BI-RADS-US)to 63.3%(χ

Developments in Biological Mechanisms and Treatments for Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Dysfunction of Schizophrenia / 神经科学通报·英文版

The causal mechanisms and treatment for the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia are the main issues attracting the attention of psychiatrists over the last decade. The first part of this review summarizes the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, especially the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction from the perspectives of genetics and epigenetics. The second part describes the novel medications and several advanced physical therapies (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation) for the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction that will optimize the therapeutic strategy for patients with schizophrenia in future.

Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei province of China was isolated in January 2020. This study aims to investigate its epidemiologic history, and analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and prognosis of patients infected with 2019-nCoV during this outbreak.@*METHODS@#Clinical data from 137 2019-nCoV-infected patients admitted to the respiratory departments of nine tertiary hospitals in Hubei province from December 30, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were retrospectively collected, including general status, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, imaging characteristics, and treatment regimens.@*RESULTS@#None of the 137 patients (61 males, 76 females, aged 20-83 years, median age 57 years) had a definite history of exposure to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Major initial symptoms included fever (112/137, 81.8%), coughing (66/137, 48.2%), and muscle pain or fatigue (44/137, 32.1%), with other, less typical initial symptoms observed at low frequency, including heart palpitations, diarrhea, and headache. Nearly 80% of the patients had normal or decreased white blood cell counts, and 72.3% (99/137) had lymphocytopenia. Lung involvement was present in all cases, with most chest computed tomography scans showing lesions in multiple lung lobes, some of which were dense; ground-glass opacity co-existed with consolidation shadows or cord-like shadows. Given the lack of effective drugs, treatment focused on symptomatic and respiratory support. Immunoglobulin G was delivered to some critically ill patients according to their conditions. Systemic corticosteroid treatment did not show significant benefits. Notably, early respiratory support facilitated disease recovery and improved prognosis. The risk of death was primarily associated with age, underlying chronic diseases, and median interval from the appearance of initial symptoms to dyspnea.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The majority of patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia present with fever as the first symptom, and most of them still showed typical manifestations of viral pneumonia on chest imaging. Middle-aged and elderly patients with underlying comorbidities are susceptible to respiratory failure and may have a poorer prognosis.

Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei province of China was isolated in January 2020. This study aims to investigate its epidemiological history, and analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment regimens and prognosis of patients infected with 2019-nCoV during this outbreak.@*Methods@#Clinical data from 137 2019-nCoV-infected patients admitted to the respiratory departments of nine tertiary hospitals in Hubei province from December 30, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were collected, including general status, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, imaging characteristics, and treatment regimens.@*Results@#None of the 137 patients (61 males, 76 females, aged 20-83 years, mean age 55 ± 16 years) had a definite history of exposure to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Major initial symptoms included fever (112/137, 81.8%), coughing (66/137, 48.2%), and muscle pain or fatigue (44/137, 32.1%), with other, less typical initial symptoms observed at low frequency, including heart palpitations, diarrhea, and headache. Nearly 80% of the patients had normal or decreased white blood cell counts, and 72.3% (99/137) had lymphocytopenia. Lung involvement was present in all cases, with most chest computed tomography scans showing lesions in multiple lung lobes, some of which were dense; ground-glass opacity co-existed with consolidation shadows or cord-like shadows. Given the lack of effective drugs, treatment focused on symptomatic and respiratory support. Immunoglobulin G was delivered to some critically ill patients according to their condition. Systemic corticosteroid treatment did not show significant benefits. Notably, early respiratory support facilitated disease recovery and improved prognosis. The risk of death was primarily associated with age, underlying chronic diseases, and median interval from the appearance of initial symptoms to dyspnea.@*Conclusions@#The majority of patients with 2019-nCoV coronavirus pneumonia present with fever as the first symptom, and most of them still showed typical manifestations of viral pneumonia on chest imaging. Middle-aged and elderly patients with underlying comorbidities are susceptible to respiratory failure and may have a poorer prognosis.

Urban-rural coordinating development, "Five Dimensions" promoting Healthy Jinshan / 上海预防医学

As a remote suburb of Shanghai, Jinshan District has been realizing the "Five Dimensions" health dream of Jinshan people, in the process of implementing Healthy China strategy, Healthy Shanghai actions, constructing Healthy Jinshan, focusing on urban and rural planning, and actively exploring the appropriate development model, by promoting healthy lifestyle, raising the level of health service, perfecting the health guarantee mechanism, creating healthy and harmonious environment, giving priority to development of health industries for "paving the way for the health of the whole people".This article highlights some practices and thoughts in the process of implementing Healthy Shanghai action in Jinshan District.

Urban-rural coordinating development, "Five Dimensions" promoting Healthy Jinshan / 上海预防医学

As a remote suburb of Shanghai, Jinshan District has been realizing the "Five Dimensions" health dream of Jinshan people, in the process of implementing Healthy China strategy, Healthy Shanghai actions, constructing Healthy Jinshan, focusing on urban and rural planning, and actively exploring the appropriate development model, by promoting healthy lifestyle, raising the level of health service, perfecting the health guarantee mechanism, creating healthy and harmonious environment, giving priority to development of health industries for "paving the way for the health of the whole people".This article highlights some practices and thoughts in the process of implementing Healthy Shanghai action in Jinshan District.

Effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan Ameliorates in Alleviating H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y Cells Oxidative Stress Through Modulation of NF-κB Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the regulatory effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan (DSS)-containing serum on oxidative stress and inflammation in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Method::Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to determine the cell activity and construct the H2O2-induced cell damage model with the optimal time and dose. Normal group, model group and high, medium and low-dose DSS groups(2.5%, 5%, 10%) were set up. MTT method was used to detect cell activity, spectrophotometry anti-oxidation indexes of malonaldehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Real-time quantitative PCR (Real-time PCR) was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expressions. And immunofluorescence test was adopted to detect nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation of the DSS after the intervention. Result::After 24 h intervention with 250 μmol·L-1 H2O2, SH-SY5Y cell viability was about 55%, which was the best modeling condition. After high, medium and low-dose DSS intervention on H2O2-damaged cell model, compared with the model group, the cell activity showed a dose-dependent increase (P<0.05), MDA was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and antioxidant indexes CAT, SOD and GSH were significantly increased (P<0.05). H2O2 could significantly increase SH-SY5Y cell inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expressions, and promote activation of cytoplasmic NF-κB and nuclear translocation. DSS-containing serum showed a dose-dependent inhibition of NF-κB p65 from nuclear, and reduced inflammatory factor levels, such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Conclusion::DSS-containing serum can significantly reduce the oxidative damage in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells by improving their antioxidant status, and reduce the inflammatory response by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway.

Analysis on Metabolites of Major Components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in Urine and Feces of Normal and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To analyze and identify the metabolites of major components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in urine and feces of normal and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats, and to explore the effect of PCOS on the metabolism of Shaoyao Gancaotang. Method::Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and PCOS group. PCOS rat model was prepared by administration of letrozole solution for 21 days, and the estrous cycle of rats was observed. UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS technique and LightSight 2.3 software were used to analyze and identify the metabolites of major components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in urine and feces of normal and PCOS rats. The mobile phase was water-methanol for gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1, electrospray ion source was employed under negative ion mode. Result::Phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ reactions mainly occurred in drug metabolism. A total of 27 metabolites were detected in urine of normal rats, and 34 metabolites were detected in urine of PCOS rats. A total of 29 metabolites were detected in feces of normal rats, and 27 metabolites were detected in feces of PCOS rats. Conclusion::The metabolites in the urine of PCOS rats are more diverse than those of normal rats, and the disease status of PCOS may affect the in vivo metabolic pathway of active ingredients in Shaoyao Gancaotang.

Clinical study on the treatment of high-risk BPH with hermo-expandable metallic prostate stent / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy and surgical experience of hermo-expandable metallic prostate stent in the treatment of elderly high-risk BPH patients.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed on 38 patients with BPH who underwent implantation of hermo-expandable metallic prostate stent from January 2017 to October 2018 in the General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command. The patients were 72 to 89 years old, with preoperative international prostatic symptom score (IPSS) of 25.6±4.1 points, maximum flow rate of urine (MRF) of (4.8±1.2) mL/s, and residual urine volume (RUV) (160.7±70.5) mL. Urinary catheters were placed in 7 patients for 4-8 days due to acute urinary retention.ResultsExcept for the failure in one case, all 37 patients were successfully implanted with the prostate stent at one time, and they urinated immediately after the operation without serious operation-related complications. Follow-up was conducted for 3 months, and the IPSS and RUV of the 37 patients were (15.6±4.3) and (40.7±12.9) mL respectively, which were significantly lower than those before the operation (P<0.05). MRF was (11.1±4.3) mL/s, significantly higher than that before surgery (P<0.05). 22 cases in this group were followed up for 2 years, and their IPSS, MRF and RUV were all stable.ConclusionThe thermo-expandable metallic prostate stent for the treatment of dysuria caused by BPH is effective, reliable and less traumatic. It is a preferred choice for the treatment of the aged BPH patients who are at a high risk and not suitable for surgery.

Effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on epidermal cells and angiogenesis in impaired diabetic wound rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim: To explore the repair mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 in treating the impaired diabetic wound from improving the vulnerability of diabetic skin of rats. Methods: Male SD rats (n = 32) were injected intraperitoneally streptozotocin to induce hyperglycemia, except for the rats of control group (n = 8). Diabetic rats were randomly divided into model group (equal volume of saline), aminoguanidine group (10 mg · kg-1), ginsenoside Rg3 high dose (15 mg · kg-1) and low group (5 mg · kg-1). After four weeks of oral gavage treatment, full-thickness wound was established. On 21st day after injury, wound samples were collected to observe the pathological changes in wound; the thickness of epidermis and dermis was measured by HE staining; and the epidermal cell proliferation cycle was analysed by flow cytometry; the expression of CD31 in wound tissues was detected by immunohistochemical and image analytical methods. Results: Ginsenoside Rg3 groups showed significantly more fibroblasts, necrotic tissue drops and advanced epithelial, and thickening of epidermis and dermis (P < 0. 01). Model group showed significant increase in G0/G1 phase ratio of epidermal cell cycle (P <0. 01), while reduction in G2/M and S period ratios (P < 0. 01). However, G0/G1 period ratio decreased, while G2/M and S period ratios rose in aminoguanidine group, ginsenoside Rg3 high dose and low dose groups. The decrease of G0/G1 period ratio (P < 0. 05) and increase in G2/M (P <0. 05) and S period ratios (P <0. 01) was found to be significant. The expressions of CD31 in model group was lower than those in control group (P<0. 01). Whereas, it was higher in ginsenoside Rg3 high dose group and aminoguanidine group (P < 0. 05). Conclusions: Ginsenoside Rg3 can effectively promote the repair and healing of impaired diabetic wound. The various mechanisms of repair might be through improving skin pathology, regulating epidermal cell proliferation cycle and promoting angiogenesis.